Statistical Inference Homework Solution

The statistical inference homework solutions below are all correct and straight to the point. They're mostly based on experiments, different types of hypothesis testing, making decisions on null and alternative hypotheses, and errors among other concepts.

Hypothesis Testing and Data Management

The following questions are mainly hinged on various concepts of hypothesis testing. The examiner asks for the identification of parameters like the type of research design; dependent and independent variables, and relational terms just to mention a few. There are also a few questions on database management.

Identification of Parameters

Crime rates in northern cities are higher than in western cities.

1. The unit of analysis is? (Select all that apply)
   1. Crime rates
   2. Western cities
   3. Northern cities
   4. Higher
   5. Cities
   6. Western, northern
   7. Two of the above
2. What type of research design does this hypothesis reflect? (Select all that apply)
   1. Cross-sectional
   2. Panel
   3. Experimental
   4. Longitudinal
   5. Time-series
   6. Two of the above
3. Identify how to set up this data set. (Select all that apply)
   1. Cities are entered into rows.
   2. Crime rates are entered into the rows.
   3. Geographical areas of northern and western are entered into the rows.
   4. None of the above.
4. The independent variable is. (Select all that apply)
   1. Crime rates
   2. Counties
   3. States
   4. Higher
   5. Cities
   6. Western, northern
   7. Two of the above
5. The dependent variable is. (Select all that apply)
   1. Crime rates
   2. Western cities
   3. Northern cities
   4. Higher
   5. Cities
   6. Western, northern
   7. Two of the above
6. The relational terms are. (Select all that apply)
   1. Crime rates
   2. Western cities
   3. Northern cities
   4. Higher
   5. Cities
   6. Western, northern
   7. Two of the above

Correcting a Poorly Constructed Hypothesis

1. In comparing nations, those nations that signed the Kyoto protocol are more likely to have higher air quality. (Select all that apply)
   1. Independent Variable
   2. Dependent Variable
   3. Unit of Analysis
   4. Relational terms
   5. None of the above
2. Cities that have higher vacancy rates of housing tend to have lower gentrification rates. (Select all that apply)
   1. Independent Variable
   2. Dependent Variable
   3. Unit of Analysis
   4. Relational terms
   5. None of the above
3. Crime is rising in cities over time. (Select all that apply)
   1. Independent Variable
   2. Dependent Variable
   3. Unit of Analysis
   4. Relational terms
   5. None of the above
4. It is harder to be accepted into graduate schools in the western states than in the eastern states. (Select all that apply)
   1. Independent Variable
   2. Dependent Variable
   3. Unit of Analysis
   4. Relational terms
   5. None of the above

Data Management

1. Rows in a spreadsheet of data represent what?
   1. Units of analysis
   2. Control variables
   3. Relational terms
   4. Independent variables
   5. Dependent variables
2. Rows in a cross-tabulation table represent what?
   1. Control variables
   2. Units of analysis
   3. Independent variables
   4. Relational terms
   5. Dependent variables